Wood moisture meters are fabulous tools for measuring the moisture content of wood for various jobs. They are not just used to measure moisture in firewood either – which most of the general public will use them for. Whether you’re a carpenter, woodworker, flooring contractor, or firewood supplier, understanding how to use and choose the right wood moisture meter can have benefits. In this article, we will look at the different moisture meters that are available.
What is a wood moisture meter?
A wood moisture meter is a hand-held device that measures the amount of water present in wood. This is important because moisture levels can impact the strength, stability, and usability of wood. If you burn wood which is too high in moisture, typically above 20%, you will increase pollution, lower heat output and increase congestion in your flue. Putting firewood to one side for a moment, wood that is too wet or too dry may warp, crack, or fail to adhere properly in construction or crafting, which is why many tradespeople always have a good quality moisture meter handy.
As a stove owner, you should also have a moisture meter handy.
Why is Measuring Wood Moisture Important?
Firewood Preparation: Firewood needs a moisture level of around 20% or lower for efficient burning and reduced smoke. As a manufacturer of wood-burning stoves, we are aware of the significant benefits that a moisture meter brings when checking firewood, but there are also more important jobs a humble moisture meter provides, which include:
Avoiding Structural Issues: In construction, improper moisture levels in wood can lead to weakened structures or uneven flooring.
Improving Craftsmanship: For woodworking, balanced moisture content ensures a better finish and reduces the risk of future damage.
Preventing Mold and Rot: High moisture levels promote mould growth and wood decay, making measurement essential for storage and maintenance.
Types of Wood Moisture Meters
There are two primary types of wood moisture meters, each with unique features:
Pin-Type Moisture Meters
How They Work: Pin meters have two or more sharp probes that penetrate the wood to measure its electrical resistance. Moisture decreases electrical resistance, so higher readings indicate more moisture. These pin-type meters are considered the best for measuring the moisture of firewood.
Best For: Precise measurements of moisture at specific depths.
Pros: Accurate and affordable.
Cons: May leave small holes in the wood surface.
Pinless (Non-Invasive) Moisture Meters
How They Work: These meters use electromagnetic sensors to measure moisture levels without penetrating the wood.
Best For: Measuring moisture in finished surfaces or delicate wood where penetration is undesirable.
Pros: Quick and non-destructive.
Cons: Slightly less accurate than pin-type meters for thick or dense wood.
Features to Consider When Choosing a Moisture Meter
When selecting a moisture meter, you should consider the following features:
Measurement Range: Look for a device that covers the range of moisture levels relevant to your needs, typically between 5% and 30%.
Accuracy: Opt for a meter with a high level of precision. This is more beneficial when using one for carpentry purposes, but you also need a high level of accuracy when checking that firewood is correctly seasoned.
Wood Species Settings: Some meters include settings or adjustments for different wood species, ensuring accurate readings. Oak, for example, is an excellent hard firewood that has a long, high heat output but takes up to two years to season. Pine, on the other hand, is a softwood that takes less time to season. Having different wood settings could help make sure the meter gives accurate readings when you have different firewood.
Depth of Measurement: Pin meters can measure at various depths, while pinless meters typically measure surface moisture.
Durability: Rugged, water-resistant designs are ideal for outdoor or heavy-duty use. This may be more of an important point for those who retail firewood as opposed to private stove owners.
Display and Data Features: A clear digital display, backlighting, and data storage can enhance usability. But this is very much a nice-to-have option – for occasional checking of firewood, it may be slightly overkill. But again – it is certainly something you can consider if you wish.
